There are three types of commercial driver’s licenses, which are known as classes. A Class A CDL is for vehicles with a GCWR of 26,001 pounds or more and a GVWR that exceeds 10,000 pounds. This is the highest limit, and with a Class A license, you can operate Class B and Class C vehicles.
With a Class B license, you can legally operate a vehicle with a GVWR of 26,001 pounds or less and can tow a trailer of not more than 10,000 pounds. Class C is for vehicles that do not fit in the above classes. It allows you to operate vehicles with a GVWR of 26,001 pounds or less and those designed to carry 16 or more people.
Despite having a CDL, you will require endorsements to drive certain types of commercial vehicles or to transport certain kinds of cargo. Here are the different endorsements:
H Endorsement
This is a necessity for transporting hazardous materials such as toxic chemicals and explosives. An H endorsement allows you to haul dangerous goods that require special handling. Before getting it, you must pass a written test that assesses your knowledge and understanding of the regulations and safety procedures for handling hazardous materials.
Also, the TSA (Transportation Security Administration) must conduct a background check as per the Department of Transportation requirements. This is to ensure you are qualified and trustworthy enough to carry substances that are a threat to public safety.
N Endorsement
The N endorsement is required for transporting liquid or gaseous materials. In most cases, it is needed if a tank holds more than 1,000 gallons. Even if a tank is empty, the endorsement is necessary because it requires unique driving skills to handle such vehicles.
Tanker trucks are likely to surge, which makes stopping and turning very difficult. Drivers must understand how to manage load movement properly, do pre-trip inspections, and safely load and unload liquids.
X Endorsement
This endorsement is typically a combination of the H and N endorsements. So, if you want to transport hazardous materials in a tanker vehicle, this is what you need. It requires taking a written test and passing the necessary background checks.
Instead of applying for the H and N endorsements separately, X streamlines the process. However, it is more efficient for drivers who want to haul HazMat liquids like fuels and chemicals.
T Endorsement
The T endorsement is a necessity when it comes to driving and operating vehicles that pull two or three trailers. This combination is commonly used in long-haul and freight operations on major highways.
To earn the T endorsement, you must pass a written test. However, some states have banned triple trailers, but the endorsement is still required for double trailers.
P Endorsement
If you are planning to drive a bus, shuttle, or any vehicle that transports 16 or more passengers, including the driver, you will need a P endorsement. It applies to everything from charter coaches to city transit buses. To get a P endorsement, you must pass both a written and a skills test.
S Endorsement
This is specifically for those who want to operate school buses. It also applies to any commercial vehicles used to transport children to things like field trips and competitions. To qualify, you will need a thorough background check and a special skills test.
Conclusion
A CDL endorsement improves your chances of landing specialized and higher-paying jobs. However, some states require additional CDLs. Before applying, make sure to check your state’s specific requirements, as these can vary.